Changement de visage des actionnaires et émergence d’un nouveau paradigme

La professeure Dionysia Katelouzou publie une très belle étude sur SSRN : « Reflections on the Nature of the Public Corporation in an Era of Shareholder Activism and Shareholder Stewardship ». L’auteure y revient sur le mythe que les actionnaires seraient passifs et que la lecture contractualiste de l’entreprise serait pertinente. Comme elle le souligne, il y a eu un changement de paradigme depuis l’émergence des investisseurs institutionnels consacrant un « investor paradigm for corporate law ».

For the greater part of the twentieth century the role of shareholders within the public corporation has been conceptualized within the contractarian framework influenced by the neo-liberal emphasis on market efficiency. For the supporters of the contractual nature of the corporation, shareholders have in general been viewed as the main beneficiaries of corporate activity. Contractarianism goes further, dispelling the notion of shareholder ‘ownership’, and thereby relying on the efficacy of individual contracting and the constraining forces of various markets to control managerial discretion and reduce monitoring costs. Within this contractarian framework shareholders do not wish to be involved in the corporation’s management, nor do they gain any benefits from an active engagement, mainly because of the market efficacy to control managerial discretion and a series of legal and extra-legal obstacles to shareholders’ active involvement. There is, therefore, no a priori reason why shareholders should exercise control over managerial decision-making and any legally imposed reform to empower the monitoring role of shareholders is viewed as unnecessary and counterproductive. Through most of the twentieth century, this contractarian orthodoxy of the rather passive role of shareholders also coincided with practice.

My paper argues that these contractarian assertions in relation to the role of shareholders within the internal functioning of the public corporation do not hold anymore in the face of the rise in the holdings and influence of institutional investors in recent years.

À la prochaine…

Ivan Tchotourian

Ce contenu a été mis à jour le 15 août 2016 à 23 h 07 min.