Hiérarchiser les parties prenantes : comment ?
Dans l’Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance, un article intéressant – et court – apporte un bel éclairage sur la gestion des parties prenantes : « A Hierarchy of Stakeholder Needs » (de Sarah Keohane Williamson, FCLTGlobal, 22 juin 2020).
Extrait :
Amid the extraordinary circumstances and economic difficulties brought on by COVID-19, companies in 2020 are faced with decisions on how to best serve the many stakeholders that rely on them—customers, investors, suppliers, employees, and so on. Each group has its own distinct needs and contributions to the company’s overall success, and companies recognize that these groups build on each other to serve their purpose.
(…) Survival for the company itself represents the basic need of the hierarchy. A company’s first priority has to be ensuring it is resilient (and liquid) enough to outlast the crisis. If this need is not met, there are no employees, customers, or other stakeholders to serve. Hard decisions may have to be made to ensure the long-term survival of the enterprise that will affect other tiers of needs—closing stores, furloughing employees, or postponing dividends to investors. Once the basic need is met, however, and the company is a going concern, the company can reorient its focus.
Employees look to their employer for security in more ways than one—financial, to be sure, but also physical. Many companies addressed this area first in its response to COVID-19—89% of respondents to a recent FCLTGlobal survey indicated that employee health and safety was its top priority. (…)
Once the house is in order, customers’ needs can follow. Just as customers depend on a company’s products, the company relies on a consistent, repeatable client base to stay in operation. Like before, this tier is dependent on the one that precedes it—if there were no company, or no employees to keep it running, there would be no customers to serve.
(…) Once customers’ needs are met and business can continue, the supply chain must be maintained. COVID-19 has presented a real challenge in terms of supply for many companies, particularly when sourcing products from countries that are in strict lockdowns.
(…) Then, finally, the company is able to achieve long-term value for its shareholders. Meeting the preceding needs—viability through liquidity, employee wellbeing, extraordinary customer care, and supply chain continuity—may have resulted in near-term shortfalls for shareholders by way of lower earnings or a temporary pause in issuing dividends.
À la prochaine…