Normes d’encadrement

JDSupra offre une belle photographie des litiges judiciaires canadiens occasionnés par le changement climatique : « Climate Change litigation in Canada: Recent developments » (15 novembre 2019). Je vous place ci-dessous les litiges concernant les entreprises, notamment celles du secteur énergétique.

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Litigation against energy companies

The British Columbia cities of Vancouver, Victoria, Richmond and Port Moody are all considering filing claims against large conventional energy companies, potentially as a class action. The City of Victoria had previously advanced a motion at the Union of British Columbia Municipalities calling for its members to explore a class action lawsuit “to recover costs arising from climate change from major fossil fuel companies.”

While the City of Victoria later withdrew its motion and a similar motion by the City of Port Moody was defeated, municipalities in British Columbia appear to be continuing to consider litigation. Victoria has obtained an internal legal opinion, and a British Columbia law firm intends to share a legal opinion on the viability of a claim against conventional energy companies with Victoria and Vancouver later this fall.

Several municipalities have also requested British Columbia enact legislation that would support a claim against conventional energy companies, as the provinces did for their claims against tobacco companies. Greenpeace Canada and West Coast Environmental Law Association previously assisted with drafting such a bill that was introduced in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, but was not enacted.

À la prochaine…

Bonjour à toutes et à tous, il faut s’y faire : les déclarations sur la responsabilité sociale des entreprises ne sont plus de simples formulations sans importance. Des risques juridiques sont associés à la signature de tels documents. Un article tiré du Financial Post (« Why corporate social responsibility is now part of due diligence ») traite du potentiel grandissant de recours collectifs en matière de droits de l’homme liés à la responsabilité sociétale et de valeurs mobilières ainsi que des nouvelles lois canadiennes.

Morceaux choisis :

The importance of CSR for mining companies has changed rapidly. The government of Canada last year announced an “enhanced” CSR strategy that threatens to cut off diplomatic support to Canadian companies with operations overseas who fail to comply with some recognized international standards. We’ve also seen the RCMP and prosecutors bring charge Canadian companies with violations of anti-corruption laws by allegedly bribing foreign officials at overseas operations.

But aside from government actions, mining companies are also under an increasing risk of private lawsuits. There are at least three of these cases before the courts, and all are at relatively early stages. Toronto-based Hudbay Minerals Inc. has been sued in Ontario on allegations that security personal assaulted women at its mine in Guatemala. Vancouver-based Tahoe Resources Inc. was named in a suit that alleges the plaintiffs were shot at a protest near its mine in Guatemala. Three plaintiffs are suing Vancouver-based Nevsun Resources Ltd., alleging human rights violations at the company’s Bisha gold mine in, as it is described in court records, “the rogue and essentially lawless state of Eritrea.”

None of those cases have advanced to trial and no allegations have been proven in court.

Companies may have a complete defence to any allegations. Even so, the issue should be whether companies are exposing themselves to potential claims by not keeping an eye on the CSR ball. So far, the track record shows that plaintiff-side counsel are keen to bring human rights suits where they see the opportunity.

It’s not hard to picture how potential claims could expand beyond human rights and into hard dollars. If a company’s exposure to a human rights claim hits its stock, you can see how that might trigger a securities class action in which investors allege management made misstatements about the situation.

À la prochaine…

Ivan Tchotourian

Dans un article du 11 septembre 2015 (« Crise financière : la justice américaine veut poursuivre les banquiers individuellement »), le journaliste Stéphane Lauer du Monde nous apprend que la numéro 2 du département de la justice a émis une directive pour inciter les procureurs à poursuivre judiciairement les banquiers et dirigeants d’entreprise indélicats.

Si les amendes infligées aux banques de Wall Street se sont multipliées ces derniers mois pour atteindre plusieurs dizaines de milliards de dollars, les responsables réellement impliqués dans les excès de la crise financière ont, pour la plupart, échappé aux sanctions. Cette situation a entretenu une profonde frustration dans l’opinion sur le fonctionnement de la justice américaine et sur la sincérité de la promesse de Barack Obama, lors de son élection à la présidence américaine, de punir les fautifs. Pour tenter de répondre à cette frustration, le ministère de la justice a diffusé, mercredi 9 septembre, une directive qui encourage les procureurs à poursuivre individuellement les banquiers et dirigeants d’entreprise indélicats.

À la prochaine…

Ivan Tchotourian