Gouvernance

Bonjour à toutes et à tous, voici une belle information pour celles et ceux intéressés par les problématiques de gouvernance et de droit des marchés. La province de l’Ontario a mis en place un groupe de travail pour envisager des réformes à l’encadrement réglementaire. 70 propositions ont été faites et la consultation sur celles-ci est ouverte jusqu’en septembre 2020 : « Capital Markets Modernisation Taskforce ».

Voici un résumé des principales pistes explorées… vraiment intéressant !

Extrait :

The CMMT was formed in February 2020 and reports directly to the Minister of Finance. It was tasked to develop “bold, innovative recommendations” to improve how capital markets function in Canada. 

Twelve of the drafted proposals specifically target shareholder voting and company transparency, with the taskforce identifying an “imbalance” among Canada’s proxy and shareholder voting systems. Several stakeholders raised concerns to the CMMT about the influence of proxy advisors, errors in their reports and potential conflicts of interests where voting recommendations and consulting services were provided to the same businesses.  

To remedy this, the CMMT proposes establishing a new regulatory framework that would provide companies with the right to ‘rebut’ reports from proxy advisors. In addition, the taskforce also hopes to restrict conflicts of interest by limiting the services proxy advisors can offer. 

Several of the other proposals are aimed at reforming and improving the proxy plumbing. For instance, currently in Canada, the majority of shareholder votes are cast via proxies using either the company’s or dissident’s proxy ballot. Unfortunately, this means such proxy cards can look different and often confuse investors. 

Therefore, the CMMT proposes the use of universal proxy ballots to improve standardisation and mandate voting disclosure for each side when a dispute arises.  

At the same time, the taskforce has also proposed introducing rules to prevent over-voting and the requirement for companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange to have an annual shareholder votes on executive compensation. In further efforts to improve corporate governance standards, the taskforce proposes further legislative guidance be made around the role of independent directors in a bid to avoid conflicts of interest from arising, arguing that current laws do not fully address the role such directors play. 

Elsewhere, the taskforce wants to reduce the ownership threshold for early warning reporting disclosure in Canadian companies from 10% to 5%. This would bring Canada in line with other major markets, with the CMMT also acknowledging that a shareholder can currently requisition a meeting with a holding of as little as 5%.  

In a bid to improve transparency, the CMMT is also proposing the adoption of quarterly filing requirements for institutional investors of Canadian companies and – in a very encouraging step – the introduction of enhanced disclosure of material ESG information. 

With stronger ESG reporting, Canada would be following in the footsteps of other jurisdictions and create a level playing field for its companies. In particular the taskforce identified the metrics used by the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) and Taskforce on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) as potential solutions.  

Other CMMT’s recommendations include giving regulators new and enhanced powers when dealing with listed entities. For instance, the taskforce has proposed empowering the Ontario Securities Commission (OSC) to issue no-action letters. This already happens in the US where a company can seek a no-action letter from the Securities and Exchange Commission when it has the basis to exclude a particular shareholder proposal. 

The CMMT has also proposed the introduction of broader remedies for the OSC when dealing with mergers and acquisitions. The taskforce proposes granting the OSC similar powers to those recently granted to the British Columbia Securities Commission, which can now rescind a transaction, require a person to dispose of securities in connection with a deal or even prohibit them from exercising voting rights.

À la prochaine…

Pour appuyer la finance sociale, le Canada a proposé par le passé de mobiliser les actifs des caisses de retraite. Dans cette optique, le rapport de 2010 du Groupe de travail sur la finance sociale a encouragé les gouvernements fédéraux et provinciaux du Canada à exiger des caisses de retraite qu’elles divulguent leurs pratiques d’investissement responsable. Le 27 novembre 2014, le gouvernement de l’Ontario a déposé le Règlement de l’Ontario 235/14 (règlement modificatif) pris en vertu de la Loi sur les régimes de retraite de l’Ontario. Au travers ce règlement (ici), le Parlement ontarien a décidé de rendre obligatoire à compter du 1^er janvier 2016 la divulgation de la prise en compte des questions environnementales, sociales et de gouvernance dans l’énoncé des politiques et procédures de placement des plans de retraite agréés. Le texte est rédigé comme suit : « A statement that the administrator of the pension plan must establish a statement of investment policies and procedures for the plan that contains, (i) the investment policies and procedures in respect of the plan’s portfolio of investments and loans, and (ii) information about whether environmental, social and governance factors are incorporated into the plan’s investment policies and procedures and, if so, how those factors are incorporated ».

Depuis mars 2016, les administrateurs des régimes de retraite déposent donc un énoncé des politiques et procédures de placement auprès du surintendant des services financiers contenant des renseignements précisant si des facteurs environnementaux, sociaux et de gouvernance sont intégrés dans l’énoncé des politiques et des procédures de placement du régime et, dans l’affirmative, comment ils le sont. Pour les relevés annuels remis aux participants actifs, le règlement modifié exige que tous les relevés annuels fournis depuis le 1^erjuillet 2016 contiennent des renseignements sur l’énoncé des politiques et procédures de placement du régime, y compris des renseignements précisant si des facteurs environnementaux, sociaux et de gouvernance sont intégrés dans l’énoncé des politiques et des procédures de placement du régime et, dans l’affirmative, comment ils le sont.

Dans un article de Benefits Canada intitulé « Pension plans still grappling with ESG definition despite new rules », le constat de la pratique observée se montre critique :

Even with new rules implemented in Ontario this year, the issue of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors remains a tricky question for Canada’s pension plans as they face a lack of perfect clarity around the definition of what they entail.

That was definitely the experience of RBC’s defined contribution pension team as it tried to wrap its head around Ontario’s new ESG requirement. Under new rules implemented this year, Ontario’s pension plan administrators need to mention in their statement of investment policies and procedures whether they’ve incorporated ESG factors into the investment process and, if so, how and if not, why not.

Even though these are “seemingly easy questions,” they really aren’t, said Angela Lin-Reeve, portfolio manager, pension investments, at RBC, during Benefits Canada’s 2016 Benefits and Pension Summit in Toronto on March 31. “We had to get educated because this wasn’t an angle we were used to in evaluating investments,” she said, adding that the small size of her team — just two full-time employees — made things even more difficult.

À la prochaine…

Ivan Tchotourian