Gouvernance

Hier, le plus grand d’investissement au monde (BlackRock) a posté sur son site Internet son rapport sur son approche en matière de durabilité : « Our approach to sustainability ».

Extrait :

This past January, BlackRock wrote to clients about how we are making sustainability central to the way we invest, manage risk, and execute our stewardship responsibilities……Our efforts around sustainability, as with all our investment stewardship activities, seek to promote governance practices that help create long-term shareholder value for our clients, the vast majority of whom are investing for long-term goals such as retirement. This reflects our approach to sustainability across BlackRock’s investment processes, in which we use Environmental, Social, and Governance factors in order to provide clients with better risk-adjusted returns, in keeping with both our fiduciary duty and the range of regulatory requirements around the world. As a result, we have a responsibility to our clients to make sure companies are adequately managing and disclosing sustainability-related risks, and to hold them accountable if they are not.

(…) While this report focuses on climate-related issues, our investment stewardship approach to sustainability is much broader. It encompasses other environmental issues, such as sustainable practices in agribusiness. Our stewardship also includes topics that have been central to many companies’ license to operate, particularly over the past few months, such as human capital management and diversity and inclusion. The COVID-19 crisis, and more recently the protests surrounding racial injustice in the United States and elsewhere, have underscored the importance of these issues and a company’s commitment to serving all of its stakeholders.

(…) In January, we asked companies to publish disclosure aligned with the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) standards, which includes disclosing the racial and ethnic profile of their U.S. workforce. In the second half of 2020, as we assess the impact of companies’ response to COVID-19 and associated issues of racial equality, we will be refreshing our expectations for human capital management and how companies pursue sustainable business practices that support their license to operate more broadly. We also will continue to emphasize the importance of diversity in the board room and will consider race, ethnicity, and gender as we review a company’s directors.

À la prochaine…

Dans ReadClear Markets, Bernard Sharfman critique la dernière position prise par BlackRock : « Does BlackRock’s Shareholder Activism Breach Its Fiduciary Duties? ».

Extrait :

In Larry Fink’s (CEO of BlackRock) most recent letter to CEOs, A Fundamental Reshaping of Finance, Fink lays out a strategy for how BlackRock will use its considerable amount of delegated shareholder voting power to dictate its own vision of what a public company’s (a company traded on a U.S. stock exchange or over-the-counter) stakeholder relationships should be. These relationships represent the management of an enormous number of entities and individuals, entailing much complexity. That is why their management is placed in the hands of those who have the knowledge and expertise to manage them: the company’s management team. In this writing, I argue that BlackRock’s implementation of a strategy of interfering with a public company’s stakeholder relationships (“strategy”) is a form of shareholder activism that may breach the fiduciary duties owed to its investors.

As a means to implement its strategy, a strategy that allegedly is meant “to promote long-term value” for its investors, BlackRock will be requiring each public company that it invests in—virtually all public companies—to disclose data on “how each company serves its full set of stakeholders.” Moreover, noncompliance will not be tolerated. According to Fink, “we will be increasingly disposed to vote againstmanagement and board directors when companies are not making sufficient progress on sustainability-related disclosures and the business practices and plans underlying them.” Based on first-quarter 2020 data, this threat appears to be playing out in reality.

(…)

But what if BlackRock’s strategy is not really motivated by a desire to enhance shareholder value but to attract the investment funds held by millennials and, at least while they are young, their perceived preference for less financial returns and more social activism? Millennials will increasingly be the ones holding most of the wealth in the U.S., making it essential for advisers like BlackRock to start catering to their needs and developing their loyalty now, not later. This is an argument recently made by corporate governance scholarsMichal Barzuza, Quinn Curtis, and David Webber.

Or what if BlackRock’s strategy is used to appease shareholder activists who attack BlackRock’s management? For example, in November 2019, Boston Trust Walden and Mercy Investment Services submitted a shareholder proposal to BlackRock demanding that it provide a review explaining why its climate-change rhetoric does not correspond with how it actually votes at shareholder meetings. The proposal was reportedly withdrawn after BlackRock agreed to give increased consideration to shareholder proposals on climate change and join Climate Action 100, an investor group that targets its shareholder activism at fossil fuel producers and greenhouse gas emitters.

So while BlackRock’s shareholder activism may be a good marketing strategy, helping it to differentiate itself from its competitors, as well as a means to stave off the disruptive effects of shareholder activism at its own annual meetings, it seriously puts into doubt BlackRock’s sincerity and ability to look out only for its beneficial investors and therefore may violate the duty of loyalty that it owes to its current, and still very much alive, baby-boomer and Gen-X investors.

À la prochaine…

Bonsoir à toutes et à tous, Larry Fink se fait encore entendre : « Le plus gros actionnaire au monde appelle les entreprises à définir leur « raison d’être » » (Les Echos, janvier 2019)…. pour le plus grand bien de la RSE. Cette fois, c’est la raison d’être que le PDG de BlackRock souhaite pousser !

Extrait :

Depuis des années, Larry Fink, le patron de BlackRock, le plus gros actionnaire de la planète, demande aux entreprises de penser à long terme. En 2018, il avait déjà appelé les patrons à oeuvrer pour le bien commun. Une révolution. Cette année, ce financier, soutien fidèle du parti démocrate, va plus loin. Il exhorte les entreprises dans lesquelles il investit à définir leur « raison d’être » .

À la prochaine…

Le fameux fonds BlackRock fait entendre sa voix pour le régulateur intervienne afin de mettre fin au capital-actions à classe multiple : « BlackRock opposes banning companies from indexes over voting rights » (Reuters, 23 octobre 2017). Voilà encore le sujet des actions privilégiées et subalternes sur le devant de la scène !

BlackRock Inc, the world’s largest asset manager, is lambasting the architects of market indexes like the S&P 500 .SPX for ostracizing companies that deny equal voting rights to shareholders, saying that doing so could limit the opportunities of investors in index funds.

BlackRock has said it supports all shareholders getting an equal vote. Yet, in a report published on the company’s website on Monday, the manager of nearly $6 trillion in assets said it is up to regulators to set corporate-governance policies, not index providers.

BlackRock said that, without regulatory changes, corporations should seek shareholders’ approval of capital structures that deprive some of voting rights, and that they should let shareholders exercise equal voting rights on specific topics, such as executive pay, that pose a conflict of interest.

À la prochaine…

Ivan Tchotourian

En voilà une nouvelle ! Le gérant américain d’actifs BlackRock a fait savoir qu’il entendait s’intéresser à la manière dont les entreprises géraient les problèmes liés au changement climatique : « Exclusive: BlackRock vows new pressure on climate, board diversity » (Reuters, 13 mars 2017).

BlackRock Inc(BLK.N), which wields outsized clout as the world’s largest asset manager, planned on Monday to put new pressure on companies to explain themselves on issues including how climate change could affect their business as well as boardroom diversity.

The move by BlackRock, a powerful force in Corporate America with $5.1 trillion under management, could bolster efforts like climate-risk disclosure practices developed by the Financial Stability Board, the international body that monitors and makes recommendations about the global financial system.

BlackRock, which holds stakes in most major U.S. corporations, identified its top « engagement priorities » for meetings this year with corporate leaders in documents to be posted on its website on Monday, with climate risk and boardroom diversity on the list. Reuters received advance copies of the materials.

Quand on connaît le poids de ce gérant d’actifs, il y a peut-être de l’avenir pour le changement climatique !

À la prochaine…

Ivan Tchotourian

Le blogue newsfinance expose la récente position prise par le gérant de l’énorme fonds Blackrock : « Quand le pape de la finance s’adresse aux grands patrons » (newsfinance.fr, 24 janvier 2017). Une position riche d’enseignement !

Si Larry Fink « engage » publiquement les grandes sociétés dont Blackrock est un actionnaire parfois significatif, ce n’est donc pas pour leur demander de pressurer plus leurs salariés pour donner plus de jus aux actionnaires, mais plutôt pour les appeler à la responsabilité et à une stratégie de long-terme. Et si les financiers sont souvent accusés de court-termisme, Larry Fink avance un contre-argument intéressant.  « Comme les actifs de nos clients sont souvent investis dans des produits indexés à des indices – et que nous ne pouvons pas vendre ces titres tant qu’ils demeurent dans l’indice – nos clients sont assurément des investisseurs de long terme », écrit-il. Mais il avertit aussi les chefs d’entreprise qu’il ne faut pas confondre investissement de long terme et patience infinie ! Au besoin, et faute d’un dialogue constructif, Blackrock peut ainsi voter son droit de vote pour sanctionner un management déficient ou des rémunérations managériales « non alignées » avec les intérêts des actionnaires.

(…) Mais il est aussi intéressant de voir l’homme le plus puissant de la gestion d’actifs mondiale recommander aux grands patrons de s’intéresser de plus près aux facteurs ESG (environnement, social, gouvernance) dans leurs décisions, leur indiquant notamment de veiller au bien-être de leurs salariés. « Les événements de l’année passée ne font que démontrer de manière renforcée combien le bien-être des employés d’une entreprise est critique pour son succès à long terme », écrit Larry Fink. Un point de vue que ne contrediront pas les gérants de Sycomore, un acteur de la gestion d’actifs sans doute mille fois plus petit que Blackrock, mais convaincu de ce sujet au point d’avoir lancé un fonds baptisé « Happy @ Work », sélectionnant les sociétés dans lesquelles il investi sur ce critère précis.

À la prochaine…

Ivan Tchotourian