Nouvelles diverses | Page 3

Le groupe européen d’experts en droit des sociétés vient de faire une proposition pour un droit des groupes : « A proposal for reforming group law in the European Union – Comparative observations on the way forward, October 2016 ».

The legal regime applicable to groups of companies in the European Union has been discussed for many years. National legislations have been adopted in a certain number of member states, and new initiatives are being considered by the European Commission and in academic writing. The central issues in groups of companies is the relationship between the controlling shareholder, often the parent company and the subsidiaries, and the potential for abuse to the detriment of the latter’s minority shareholders and creditors. Several answers have been formulated, going from a duty of the parent to indemnify the subsidiary for the charges imposed by the parent, to the acceptance of these charges provided they result in some benefit to the subsidiary and provided they do not endanger the subsidiary’s solvency. In a third approach, these issues may be solved by other common company law, e.g.  on the basis of the unfair prejudice provisions.  With respect to shareholder and creditor protection, a comparative analysis concludes that there is no need for additional regulatory safeguards. The present approaches indicate that group relations are often characterised by conflicts of interest. Therefore, it is proposed to develop a standard for dealing with these, especially under the form of Related Party Transactions.   The specific conditions for dealing with intragroup related party transactions are submitted for further discussion.

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Ivan Tchotourian

La Commission européenne vient de publier un document sur le financement participatif qui fait l’état des lieux des initiatives nationales : « COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT
– Crowdfunding in the EU Capital Markets Union » (SWD(2016) 154 final).

Voici la conclusion de ce document :

This report demonstrates that crowdfunding remains relatively small in the EU but is developing rapidly. It has the potential to be a key source of financing for SMEs over the long term.

Crowdfunding is one of many technological innovations that have the potential to transform the financial system. Therefore, crowdfunding warrants consideration as part of our broader approach to FinTech and the digitalisation of financial services, which is being looked at further in the Green Paper on Retail Financial Services.

As demonstrated in this report, to promote the growth of crowdfunding and appropriately protect investors, EU Member States have put in place a range of measures to regulate crowdfunding – either using the EU legislative framework where appropriate or via national regimes. These national frameworks are broadly consistent in terms of the objectives and outcomes they seek to achieve, but are tailored to local markets and domestic regulatory approaches.

Given the predominantly local nature of crowdfunding, there is no strong case for EU level policy intervention at this juncture. Crowdfunding is still relatively small and needs space to innovate and develop. Given the dynamism of crowdfunding and the potential for future cross border expansion, it will be important to monitor the development of the sector and the effectiveness, and degree of convergence of, national regulatory frameworks.

The Commission Services will therefore maintain regular dialogue, through twice yearly meetings, with the European Supervisory Authorities, Member States, and the crowdfunding sector to promote convergence, sharing of best practice and keep developments under review. We will assess the development of cross-border business and consider in particular the investor protection aspects. This will ensure the Commission is able to respond in a timely manner if further steps to support convergence of regulatory approaches are needed, both to promote the development of the sector and to ensure appropriate investor protection.

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Ivan Tchotourian

Selon article du quotidien Le Monde paru aujourd’hui (ici), la Commission européenne a conclu, lundi 11 janvier, que le régime fiscal belge favorisant les multinationales est « illégal ». L’instance a ordonné qu’au moins trente-cinq entreprises, principalement installées dans l’Union européenne (UE) et ayant bénéficié de ce régime, remboursent environ 700 millions d’euros d’impôts impayés à la Belgique.

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Ivan Tchotourian

Fin novembre, le Parlement européen a auditionné plusieurs grandes entreprises internationales (Amazon, Google et Facebook) pour les entendre concernant leur politique d’optimisation fiscale (pour en savoir plus cliquez ici).

Les géants américains de l’Internet Facebook, Google, Amazon, ont affirmé lundi prendre au sérieux leurs obligations fiscales, alors qu’ils étaient entendus avec huit autres multinationales par des parlementaires européens sur les éventuels avantages dont ils bénéficient.

« Facebook prend au sérieux ses obligations fiscales », a lancé Delphine Reyre, représentante du groupe américain et responsable de la politique publique du sud de l’Europe pour son entreprise. Outre les trois géants américains de l’Internet sont présents des représentants de Coca-Cola, Mc Donald’s Europe, Ikea, Philip Morris, Disney, AB InBev, HSBC et Barclays. Au total 11 sur 13 multinationales ont accepté l’invitation du Parlement européen d’aborder la question des avantages fiscaux accordés à de grandes entreprises internationales.

Rappelons que les chefs d’État et de gouvernement du G20 ont adopté définitivement lundi, lors de leur sommet d’Antalya, le plan de lutte contre l’évasion fiscale des multinationales, mis sur pied par l’OCDE.

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Ivan Tchotourian